ABSTRACT
Background: The challenge is to make all HIV-infected people aware of their status so that they may prevent the transmission of HIV to others. Only 25–30% of the people who are HIV positive in India are aware of their HIV status. Guntur district has a high epidemic potential with established transmission among the general population. The objective of the study was to study the socio demographic profile and HIV positivity rates among clients visiting an Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC).Methods: This descriptive study is based on secondary data from the records of the ICTC. The data is entered and analysed with MS Office Excel and EPI Info statistical package. Important findings were tested for statistical significance at 5% level of significance.Results: Of the 6940 clients attending the ICTC, 43.34% are antenatal women (HIV positivity of 0.27%). Of the rest, provider initiated clients are 94.02% (HIV positivity 4.38%) and client initiated 5.9% (HIV positivity 20%). The difference of HIV positivity is highly significant (p<0.000001). 61.1% of the clients were found to be between the ages 25 to 49 years. Among the client initiated, more women (7.4%) were seen to be attending the ICTC (p<0.05). High risk professions identified were hotel workers (7.3% HIV positive), local transport workers (6.01%) and petty business (6.22%). Housewives were found to have 3.2% HIV positivity.Conclusions: Self-referral to ICTC is still very poor. The epidemic is shifting to the general populations. HIV/AIDs education efforts aimed at the population in general must be increased.
ABSTRACT
The sub-centers (SCs) are under constant criticism for their inability to deliver quality services due to the nonavailability of adequate infrastructure, manpower and supply of drugs.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh to assess the availability of physical infrastructure and manpower in the SCs. A total of 34 SCs were selected by multistage and stratified random sampling technique. The data was statistically analyzed by using Microsoft Excel. The deficiency in the availability of health workers male and female were found to be 67.7% and 27.5%, respectively. The residential facility for health workers was available only in 26.4% SCs. Only 20.6% of SCs had stethoscope and B.P apparatus. The physical infrastructure and manpower availability at the SCs needs considerable improvement as per the Indian Public Health Standard (IPHS). Facilities to conduct the normal delivery and 24-hours emergency referral services need to be addressed at the earliest.
ABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study among 145 fresh entrants of medical education revealed that, 99% of boys and 98% of girls are aware of AIDS by its definition and its causation. 96% of girls, compared to 91% of boys are aware that, HIV spreads by blood. Very few, 5% of girls and 2.5% of boys are of the misconception that HIV may be transmitted through health personnel on examination of HIV patient. About 80% of boys and 90% of girls opine that HIV is transmitted through pregnancy.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Education, Medical , Female , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , India , Male , Students, MedicalABSTRACT
In Vijayanagaram District Survey a sample of 4800 rural population in 1070 households were contacted to study various child health indicators. 425 under five children and 971 children in 5-14 age groups were studied to estimate various child health key indicators.